Keratoconus: Understanding & Managing Corneal Irregularities

Keratoconus is a progressive eye condition that affects the cornea, the clear front surface of the eye responsible for focusing light. In a healthy eye, the cornea maintains a smooth, dome-like shape, allowing light to pass through and focus correctly on the retina. However, in keratoconus, the cornea thins and bulges outward, forming a cone-like shape that distorts vision.

Symptoms of Keratoconus

Keratoconus often develops in teenagers and young adults, gradually worsening over time. Common symptoms include:

• Blurred or distorted vision
• Increased sensitivity to light and glare
• Frequent changes in eyeglass prescription
• Difficulty seeing at night
• Halos around bright lights

Causes & Risk Factors

While the exact cause of keratoconus remains unknown, several factors may contribute to its development:

• Genetics – Family history increases the likelihood of developing keratoconus.
• Eye Rubbing – Chronic eye rubbing may weaken the cornea and accelerate progression.
• Medical Conditions – Certain disorders, such as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Down syndrome, and osteogenesis imperfecta, are linked to keratoconus.

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the severity of the condition:

• Glasses & Soft Contact Lenses – Effective in early stages to correct vision.
• Rigid Gas Permeable (RGP) Lenses – Provide better visual clarity as the disease progresses.
• Corneal Cross-Linking – A procedure that strengthens the cornea and slows progression.
• Corneal Transplant – Recommended for advanced cases where vision is severely impaired.

Schedule an Eye Exam Today

Early detection is key to managing keratoconus. If you experience vision changes or have a family history of the condition, schedule an appointment with Greater Houston Eye Consultants today. Our specialists provide advanced diagnostics and personalized treatment plans to help protect and restore your vision.